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Our study indicates that acoustic telemetry around platforms may be an effective method for understanding how marine megafauna utilise these structures. Detections at Pluto platform were highest during the day, with peaks at dusk and dawn. The shark at Pluto was detected each day of the 24-day deployment, in total 4,894 times. The shark at North Rankin A was detected infrequently and only 15 times over в€ј6 weeks. Two whale sharks ( Rhincodon typus ) tagged in the World Heritage Ningaloo Reef Marine Park were detected at two platforms, North Rankin A and Pluto, located up to 340 km to the northeast. Acoustic receivers were placed around four oil and gas platforms and on two remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) on AustraliaвЂ™s North West Shelf. As part of a pilot study, we deployed acoustic telemetry equipment around offshore infrastructure to assess its effectiveness in detecting tagged marine animals and to gain insights into patterns of megafauna occurrence around these structures. Potential impacts of this attraction, whether positive or negative, are unknown. Subsea infrastructure of the oil and gas industry attracts commercial fish species as well as megafauna including sea lions, turtles, sharks and whales. This study provides an example for classifying offshore platforms as novel ecosystems.

It is likely that many of the novel qualities of this ecosystem would be lost under decommissioning scenarios that involve partial or complete removal. These findings suggest that a novel ecosystem has emerged in the Wandoo field. The demersal assemblage is characterized by reef-associated species with higher diversity than those at the sand control and natural reef control sites, with the pelagic community characterized by species associated with oil platforms in other regions. We also found that the demersal and pelagic taxonomic assemblages at Wandoo more closely resemble those at a natural reef than those which would likely have been present pre-installation, but these assemblages are still unique in a regional context. We found denser macrobenthos habitat at the Wandoo site than at either of the control sites, which we attributed to the exclusion of seabed trawling around the Wandoo infrastructure. Stereo-baited remote underwater video systems were used to assess the habitat composition and fish communities at Wandoo, as well as two control sites: a sandy one that resembled the Wandoo site pre-installation, and one characterized by a natural reef as a control for natural hard substrate and vertical relief. This study focused on the Wandoo field in Northwest Australia as a case study for the application of the novel ecosystem concept to the decommissioning of offshore platforms. Concepts such as novel ecosystems allow stakeholders to consider the ecological role played by each platform in the decommissioning process. There is increasing evidence of the important ecological role played by offshore platforms. The decommissioning of offshore oil and gas platforms typically involves removing some or all of the associated infrastructure and the consequent destruction of the associated marine ecosystem that has developed over decades.

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